4. Floor: Kant, his Life and his City
One of the greatest thinkers of mankind I. Kant was born on April, 22, 1724 in the capital of East Prussia in Koenigsberg (nowadays Kaliningrad). His father was simple saddle maker, mother was the housewife. Kant's family was very big: from eleven brothers and sisters Kant was the fourth under the account. It is necessary to tell, Kant since the childhood was the sickly, unhealthy child though thus differed exclusive keenness of mind and observation. Having noticed unusual abilities, mother has decided to make everything to her son to receive good education and to devote himself to spiritual activity. He was not ten years old yet when he started to visit an elementary school - «Fredric’s Board».Kant studied on Latin faculty. So can be explained Kant's love to the Roman poetry and antipathy to external displays of a religious cult. Here also studied mathematics, music, the French and Polish languages, also Greek and Hebrew were obligatory. The main subjects were Latin and divinity. Those years in many Prussian educational institutions the spirit of severe discipline and the strict order dominated. Rise at 5 o'clock in the morning, studying of church canons if not consulted - you were punished physically. And school where Kant studied was not exception, and in many respects it has determined that way of life which was led by the well-known philosopher.
After graduating from an elementary school, a little, he entered KoenigsbergUniversity, being in that time one of the centers of a Prussian science. Firstly, executing treasured mother's dream Kant chose theological faculty. However the circle of Kant's interests during study has so extended, that soon the theological subjects has ceased to involve him. 
Besides philosophy, he was engaged in mathematics, physics, logic, geography, philology, anthropology, medicine, history. Kant got not only pedagogical skills. He has passed good school of everyday experience, has got accustomed to people, has got acquainted with customs in various layers of a society. Books and an abundance a free time have laid the foundation of the future scientific activity. On April, 17, in 1755 he submitted his magisterial dissertation « About fire » on philosophical faculty. Moister dissertation was not protected, its purpose was to receive the admission to examination. The dissertation has been accepted, and in four weeks Kant had an examination.But it did not mean acceptance in members of faculty yet. He should protect one more dissertation to receive the right to read lectures. Kant has received a rank of the private-senior lecturer, the non-staff teacher which work was paid by students. There was not enough rooms in "Albertine" , therefore many taught at home. Kant lived at that time in professor Kipke's house where was the premise adapted to lectures. Here the first lecture of the new private-senior lecturer also has taken place. There were more students, than a hall could contain; students stood on a ladder and in hall. Kant has become surprised, the first hour he spoke completely muffled and only after a break has become calm. So began his teaching activity which continued for 41 year. The way of life of the great thinker was curious and empty simultaneously. Really, it is difficult to find one more example when any outstanding person would be so punctual, accurate and pedantic as Kant. Each his day has been measured and designed up to trifles, all have been marked by a seal of rationality and reasonableness. So, during same time - at 4 o'clock 45 minutes of morning - his servant Lampe awakened Kant, and according his order did not leave a bedroom until it was convinced, that the owner has really woken up and has risen. After that, strictly according the schedule, Kant during same time had breakfast, worked for itself, left from a house in university to read lectures, came back, again worked, had dinner, walked after a dinner, came home and again worked, then went to bed. At 10 o'clock in the evening, he went to bed. Kant was convinced, that for good state of health it is necessary to sleep for 7 hours per day. After-dinner walking also was made strictly on hours, and, under the words of neighbors, left and return during same time. In such a way he lived all life, and never having left native Koenigsberg.
Kant loved a good, qualitative meal. He had light breakfast, had not supper at all, but long and densely dinner. Despite of the cleanly "German" way of life, he did not love beer, said that «it not a drink, and food of bad quality ». He drank only wine at dinner (no more than half of bottle), and has entered for a rule to pour to itself no more quarters of a glass. Thus he never was drunk, because he knew, when to stop if it was necessary. He gave preference to vegetables and fruit. At the table he has never discussed a policy politics and a science.
Russo's books helped Kant to clear of lines of prejudices of the room scientist, original democratization of thinking. «I feel huge thirst of knowledge... There was time when I thought, that all this can honour mankind, and I despised mob, that knows nothing. Russo has corrected me. The specified blinding superiority disappears: I study to respect people ». It was not simply change of views, it was moral updating, revolution.
"Two things fill soul all with new both increasing surprise and awe, than more often, than more for a long time we reflect on them, - the star sky over me and the moral law in me".